ARTICLE

INDIAS QUEST TO ESTABLISH SURGICAL STRIKES AS A NEWNORMAL AGAINST NUCLEAR PAKISTAN A SELF DECEPTION OR NEWREALITY

11 Pages : 107-116

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2021(VI-II).11      10.31703/gsssr.2021(VI-II).11      Published : Jun 2021

India's Quest to Establish Surgical Strikes as a New-Normal against Nuclear Pakistan: A Self- Deception or New-Reality?

    This study aims to understand the rationale behind India's recent offensive approach against Pakistan. With the advent of new technologies, the conflict transformed where major wars converted into minor wars and sub-conventional warfare. Nevertheless, India introduced a new set of war fighting strategies to establish itself as a major military power in the South Asian region. The study concluded that in line with its ambitious plans, India conducted a surgical strike deep inside Pakistan's territory in February 2019, and tried to establish a new pattern of strategic engagement where sovereignty breach of nuclear-capable Pakistan will be a 'New-Normal' in India-Pakistan conflictual relations.Interestingly, India taking inspiration from the US and Israel, not only tried to introduce 'New-Normal' in order to alter the norms of sovereignty in South Asia but also went dangerously ahead of them and negated the entire logic of 'nuclear-deterrence' without considering the fact that no one including the US has ever tried to create 'New-Normal' in the situation of actual nuclear deterrence. Lastly and importantly, it is either 'Normal' to accept the logic of nuclear deterrence or 'Abnormal' to reject or negate it. Pakistan's befitting response made it clear that there is no space for the establishment of 'New-Normal' under a nuclear overhang.

    India and Pakistan, Surgical Strike, New-Normal, Conflict, Nuclear Deterrence, Sovereignty
    (1) Muhammad Saeed Uzzaman
    Lecturer, Department of International Relations, National University of Modern Languages, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Azhar Waqar
    Lecturer, Department of International Relations, National University of Modern Languages, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Amin
    Phil Scholar, Department of History, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Abbasi, R., & Khan, Z. (2019). Nuclear Deterrence in South Asia: New Technologies and Challenges to Sustainable Peace. Routledge
  • Ahmed, M. & Maimuna Ashraf. (2019). The Pulwama-Balakot Crisis: A Strategic Assessment. CISS Insight Journal, 7(1), 01- 24.
  • Shaiah, A. (2015). A leaf from history: Defending Kahuta. Dawn, https://www.dawn.com/news/1195904.
  • Burra, S. (2020). Use of Force as Self Defence against Non-State Actors and TWAIL Considerations: A Critical Analysis of India's State Practice. In Asian Yearbook of International Law, 24 106-127.
  • Balakot: Indian airstrikes target militants in Pakistan, (2019) BBC. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia- 47366718
  • Bidwai, P., &Vanaik, A. (1999). South Asia on a short fuse: Nuclear politics and the future of global disarmament. Oxford University Press, USA.
  • Cohen Stephen, P. (2001) India: Emerging Power, Harrisonburg, Virginia: RR Donnelley and Sons.
  • Cohen, S. P. (2004). India, Pakistan and Kashmir. In India as an Emerging Power. Routledge.
  • Chalk, P. (2001). Pakistan's Role in the Kashmir Insurgency. RAND Corporation, https://www.rand.org/blog/2001/09/pakist ans-role-in-the-kashmir-insurgency.html
  • Dasgupta, S., & Cohen, S. P. (2011). Is India ending its strategic restraint doctrine?. The Washington Quarterly, 34(2), 163-177.
  • Ganguly, S. (2016). Deadly impasse. Cambridge University Press.
  • Ganguly, R. (2015). India's military: Evolution, modernisation and transformation. India Quarterly, 71(3), 187-205.
  • Ganguly, S., & Pardesi, M. S. (2009). Explaining sixty years of India's foreign policy. India Review, 8(1), 4-19
  • Gokhale, N. A. (2017). The Inside Story of India's 2016 'Surgical Strikes. The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2017/09/the- inside-story-of-indias-2016-surgical- strikes/
  • Ganguly, S. (1983). Why India joined the nuclear club. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 39(4), 30-33.
  • Jabeen, M., & Mazhar, M. S. (2011). Security game: SEATO and CENTO as instrument of economic and military assistance to encircle Pakistan. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 109-132.
  • Jones, R. W., & Haider, Z. (2004). Escalation control and the nuclear option in South Asia (p. 23). M. Krepon (Ed.). Henry L. Stimson Center.
  • Jaspal, Z. N. (2019). India's 'Surgical Strike' Stratagem Brinkmanship and Response (Islamabad: Khursheed Printers).
  • Khan, Z. (2016). The conceptual essentials of minimum: explaining Pakistan's rationale of minimum deterrence. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 29(2), 408- 424.
  • Khan, I. (2021). Pakistan's Khan: India's BJP conducted 2019 air raid to win polls. Al Jazeera Media Network. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/1/18 /pakistans-khan-says-india-conducted- 2019-air-strike-to-win-polls
  • Khan, Z. (2015). Pakistan's Nuclear Policy: A Minimum Credible Deterrence. Routledge.
  • Khan, Z. (2019). Balancing and stabilizing South Asia: challenges and opportunities for sustainable peace and stability. International Journal of Conflict Management.
  • Khattak, M., Khan, D. M., &Qumber, D. G. (2018). Evolution of New Indian Military Strategy: Implications for Pakistan. Margalla Papers, 23.
  • Kapur, S. P. (2006). The India-Pakistan Conflict: An Enduring Rivalry. Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique, 39(4), 966-967.
  • Khan, F. H. (2003). Challenges to nuclear stability in South Asia. The Nonproliferation Review, 10(1), 59-74.
  • Krepon, M. (2006). US Crisis Management in South Asia's Twins Peak Crisis. Stimson Center. https://www.stimson.org/2006/us- crisis-management-south-asias-twin- peaks-crisis/
  • Khan, Z. (2018). Crisis Management in Nuclear South Asia A Pakistani Perspective, in Investigating Crises, ed. Sameer Lalwani and Hannah Haegeland, 127-139.
  • Kaura, V. (2020). India's Pakistan policy: from 2016 'surgical strike'to 2019 Balakot 'airstrike'. The Round Table, 109 (3), 277-287.
  • Ladwig, W. C. (2007). A Cold Start for Hot Wars? The Indian Army's New Limited War Doctrine. International Security, 32(3), 158-190.
  • Lamb, A. (1991). Kashmir: a disputed legacy, 1846-1990. Roxford Books.
  • Muhammad, A. S. (2020). India-Pakistan Crises and the Evolving Dyadic Deterrence Model. IPRI Journal, 20(1).
  • Mearsheimer, J. J. (1993). The case for a Ukrainian nuclear deterrent. Foreign affairs, 50-66
  • Nayak, P., & Krepon, M. (2006). US Crisis Management in. Henry L. Stimson Center, Report, 57.
  • Nayak, P., & Krepon, M. (2012). The Unfinished Crisis: US Crisis Management after the 2008 Mumbai Attacks. Henry L. Stimson Center.
  • Ogden, C. (2014). Indian foreign policy. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Pervez, M. (2012). Security Community in South Asia: India-Pakistan. Routledge.
  • Prakash, A. A. (2021). What India needs to address to achieve 'great power' status, Deccan Herald.
  • Roy, K. (2016). India-Pakistan Wars. Oxford Bibliographies. https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/vie w/document/obo-9780199791279/obo- 9780199791279-0145.xml
  • Sajid, I. (2021). Pakistan calls for justice in 2007 train blast case. Anadolu Agency. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia- pacific/pakistan-calls-for-justice-in-2007- train-blast-case/2150001
  • The Baghdad Pact. (1955) and the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO). (2009). US Department of State Archive. https://2001- 2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/lw/98683.htm
  • Yusuf, M. (2007). The Indo-US nuclear deal: An impact analysis. ISYP Journal on Science and World Affairs, 3(2), 47-56

Cite this article

    APA : Uzzaman, M. S., Waqar, A., & Amin, M. (2021). India's Quest to Establish Surgical Strikes as a New-Normal against Nuclear Pakistan: A Self- Deception or New-Reality?. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VI(II), 107-116. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2021(VI-II).11
    CHICAGO : Uzzaman, Muhammad Saeed, Azhar Waqar, and Muhammad Amin. 2021. "India's Quest to Establish Surgical Strikes as a New-Normal against Nuclear Pakistan: A Self- Deception or New-Reality?." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VI (II): 107-116 doi: 10.31703/gsssr.2021(VI-II).11
    HARVARD : UZZAMAN, M. S., WAQAR, A. & AMIN, M. 2021. India's Quest to Establish Surgical Strikes as a New-Normal against Nuclear Pakistan: A Self- Deception or New-Reality?. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VI, 107-116.
    MHRA : Uzzaman, Muhammad Saeed, Azhar Waqar, and Muhammad Amin. 2021. "India's Quest to Establish Surgical Strikes as a New-Normal against Nuclear Pakistan: A Self- Deception or New-Reality?." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VI: 107-116
    MLA : Uzzaman, Muhammad Saeed, Azhar Waqar, and Muhammad Amin. "India's Quest to Establish Surgical Strikes as a New-Normal against Nuclear Pakistan: A Self- Deception or New-Reality?." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VI.II (2021): 107-116 Print.
    OXFORD : Uzzaman, Muhammad Saeed, Waqar, Azhar, and Amin, Muhammad (2021), "India's Quest to Establish Surgical Strikes as a New-Normal against Nuclear Pakistan: A Self- Deception or New-Reality?", Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VI (II), 107-116
    TURABIAN : Uzzaman, Muhammad Saeed, Azhar Waqar, and Muhammad Amin. "India's Quest to Establish Surgical Strikes as a New-Normal against Nuclear Pakistan: A Self- Deception or New-Reality?." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review VI, no. II (2021): 107-116. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2021(VI-II).11