ARTICLE

SECURITY CHALLENGES FACED BY PAKISTAN DURING THE SOVIET OCCUPATION OF AFGHANISTAN

  1. HOME
  2. ARTICLE

05 Pages : 53-61

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2024(IX-III).05      10.31703/gsssr.2024(IX-III).05      Published : Sep 2024

Security Challenges Faced by Pakistan during the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan

Abstract

    The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in December 1979 was one of the most cataclysmic events of the Cold War, sending shockwaves across the globe. It brought the imminent reality of communist expansion toward the warm waters of the Indian Ocean. As Afghanistan's next-door neighbor, Pakistan shared a long border and over a century of historical ties, making it particularly vulnerable to the Soviet invasion. Pakistan confronted a two-pronged danger: from the east, with India, and from the west, with the Soviet military presence in Afghanistan. Relations between the Soviet Union and Pakistan were complex at the time of the invasion, largely due to Pakistan's close ties with the West, particularly the United States, which was the Soviet Union's main rival during the Cold War.

    Security Challenges, Soviet Occupation, Invasion, Military Infrastructure,Hegemonic Ambitions

    (1) Muhammad Yasin Sultan Raja
    PhD Scholar, Area Study Centre for Africa, North and South America, Quaid e Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Tahir Jamil
    Assistant Professor, Area Study Centre for Africa, North and South America, Quaid e Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Fulltext PDF

References

  • Ahmed, S. (2023). Pakistan's Evolving Security Challenges in a Multipolar World. Journal of South Asian Studies, 18(1), 34-50.

  • Cheema, P. I. (1983). The Afghanistan crisis and Pakistan’s security dilemma. Asian Survey, 23(3), 227–243. https://doi.org/10.2307/2644271
  • Cheema, P. I. (1988). IMPACT OF THE AFGHAN WAR ON PAKISTAN. Pakistan Horizon, 41(1), 23–45. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41394475
  • Goldman, M. F. (1984). Soviet Military Intervention in Afghanistan: Roots & Causes. Polity, 16(3), 384–403. https://doi.org/10.2307/3234556
  • Hagerty, D. T. (1991). India’s regional security doctrine. Asian Survey, 31(4), 351–363. https://doi.org/10.2307/2645389
  • Hasan, Z. (1968). SOVIET ARMS AID TO PAKISTAN AND INDIA. Pakistan Horizon, 21(4), 344–355. 
  • Hilali, A. (2002). The costs and benefits of the Afghan War for Pakistan. Contemporary South Asia, 11(3), 291–310. https://doi.org/10.1080/0958493032000057717
  • Horn, R. C. (1983). Afghanistan and the Soviet-Indian influence relationship. Asian Survey, 23(3), 244–260. https://doi.org/10.2307/2644272
  • Hummel, A. W. (1981). US-PAKISTAN RELATIONS. Pakistan Horizon, 34(2), 30–34. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41394336 
  • Husain, S. I. (1992). Pakistan’s Distinct Misfortune [Review of Pakistan’s Security Under Zia, 1977-1988: The Policy Imperatives of a Peripheral Asian State, by R. G. Wirsing]. Pakistan Horizon, 45(3), 83–94. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41393385
  • Javaid, P. D. U., & Jahangir, J. (2020). Balochistan: a key factor in global politics. South Asian Studies, 30(2).
  • Kamrany, N. M. (1982). Afghanistan Under Soviet Occupation. Current History, 81(475), 219–230. http://www.jstor.org/stable/45317401
  • Khalid, I. (2012). Brasstacks Crisis 1986-87. South Asian Studies, 27(01), 35-62.
  • Khan, R. (2023). Geopolitical Shifts and Pakistan's Strategic Responses. Contemporary Security Policy, 44(3), 245-267.
  • Khan, Z. A. (2020). Balochistan factor in Pak-Iran relations: Opportunities and constraints. South Asian Studies, 27(1).
  • Malik, H. (1994). The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and its impact on Pakistan. In Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks (pp. 252–284). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10573-1_11
  • Malik, T., & Zafar, H. (2024). Revisiting the Impact of Soviet-Afghan War on Pakistan's Current Security. Global Policy Journal, 15(2), 89-102.
  • Mansoor, H. (2014, June 11). Khair Bakhsh Marri: A fighter all the way. DAWN.COM. https://www.dawn.com/news/1111939
  • Mukherjee, D. (1986). India and the Soviet Union. The Washington Quarterly, 9(2), 109–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/01636608609477357
  • Newell, R. S. (1980). Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan. The World Today, 36(7), 250–258. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40395196
  • Padder, S. (2013). Siachen stalemate. International Journal of Peace and Development Studies, 4(3), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.5897/ijpds12.010
  • Siddiqui, A. (2024). The Dynamics of India-Pakistan Relations in the Context of Afghanistan’s Geopolitics. International Affairs Review, 76(2), 180-200.
  • Singh, S. N. (1984). Why India Goes to Moscow for Arms. Asian Survey, 24(7), 707–720. https://doi.org/10.2307/2644184
  • Singh, S. P. (1979). INDO-SOVIET TREATY — A CRITIQUE. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 40, 1055–1061. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44142065
  • Van Hollen, C. (1980). The tilt policy revisited: Nixon-Kissinger Geopolitics and South Asia. Asian Survey, 20(4), 339–361. https://doi.org/10.2307/2643862 
  • VANBRANDWIJK, J. (1974). PERSPECTIVES ON THE SINO-SOVIET DISPUTE. Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, 1(2), 140–143. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23261508
  • Wirsing, R. G. (1987). Pakistan and the War in Afghanistan. Asian Affairs, 14(2), 57–75. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30172034 
  • Wirsing, R. G. (1988). THE SIACHEN GLACIER DISPUTE – III: The Strategic Dimension. Strategic Studies, 12(1), 38–54. http://www.jstor.org/stable/45182761

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Raja, M. Y. S., & Jamil, T. (2024). Security Challenges Faced by Pakistan during the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, IX(III), 53-61. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2024(IX-III).05

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Raja, Muhammad Yasin Sultan, and Tahir Jamil. 2024. "Security Challenges Faced by Pakistan during the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, IX (III): 53-61 doi: 10.31703/gsssr.2024(IX-III).05

HARVARD

    HARVARD : RAJA, M. Y. S. & JAMIL, T. 2024. Security Challenges Faced by Pakistan during the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, IX, 53-61.

MHRA

    MHRA : Raja, Muhammad Yasin Sultan, and Tahir Jamil. 2024. "Security Challenges Faced by Pakistan during the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, IX: 53-61

MLA

    MLA : Raja, Muhammad Yasin Sultan, and Tahir Jamil. "Security Challenges Faced by Pakistan during the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, IX.III (2024): 53-61 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Raja, Muhammad Yasin Sultan and Jamil, Tahir (2024), "Security Challenges Faced by Pakistan during the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan", Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, IX (III), 53-61

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Raja, Muhammad Yasin Sultan, and Tahir Jamil. "Security Challenges Faced by Pakistan during the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review IX, no. III (2024): 53-61. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2024(IX-III).05